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Il Piano mesolitorale - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Il piano mesolitorale , noto anche come zona intertidale, rappresenta la porzione del litorale soggetta all’influenza delle maree , emergendo durante la bassa marea e sommergendosi con l’alta marea. Questa fascia si sviluppa principalmente in ambienti di piana di marea lungo coste con profili bassi e lievi pendenze, caratterizzate da un’ampia escursione delle maree, come ad esempio le coste della Bretagna francese.
Gli organismi che popolano questa zona dimostrano una notevole adattabilità a repentini cambiamenti di temperatura e salinità, sviluppando meccanismi evoluti per evitare il disseccamento. Predominantemente abitata da organismi animali, questa fascia presenta una presenza limitata di vegetali. Tra gli organismi dominanti del sottopiano mesolitorale si annoverano i balani, i chitoni, piccoli gasteropodi, isopodi, patelle e mitili.
Caratteristiche principali:
Variazione delle Maree : Il Piano Mesolitorale sperimenta cicli regolari di esposizione e immersione a causa delle maree. Durante la bassa marea, la zona è esposta all’aria, mentre con l’alta marea viene sommersa dall’acqua.
Adattamenti Biologici : Gli organismi che popolano questa zona devono affrontare sfide legate ai cambiamenti repentini di temperatura, umidità e salinità. Molti di loro hanno sviluppato adattamenti specifici per evitare il disseccamento e prosperare in un ambiente dinamico.
Biodiversità : Nonostante le condizioni ambientali impegnative, il Piano Mesolitorale è ricco di biodiversità. Gli organismi che lo abitano, come balani, chitoni, gasteropodi, isopodi e mitili, sono adattati a vivere sia in ambienti sommersi che esposti all’aria.
Ambiente Dinamico : La costante alternanza tra esposizione e immersione crea un ambiente dinamico che influenza la distribuzione e l’abbondanza delle specie. Questa zona gioca un ruolo cruciale nell’ecosistema costiero, contribuendo alla complessità della vita marina.
Ruolo Ecologico : Il Piano Mesolitorale svolge un ruolo importante nell’ecosistema costiero, fungendo da habitat vitale per numerose specie marine. Inoltre, le interazioni ecologiche in questa fascia contribuiscono alla dinamica complessiva dell’ambiente costiero.
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