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Mangiare pesce crudo : quali rischi per la salute? - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Pesce e frutti di mare mangiati crudi sono una delle prelibatezze più apprezzate in cucina. Ma quali sono i rischi per la salute ? Si può mangiare pesce crudo senza timore ? Ostriche, cozze, ricci di mare e poi ancora tonno e gamberetti. Sono tantissimi gli italiani che mangiano pesce crudo nei sushi, nei carpacci di pesce o nelle tartare. Oggi si tratta di una moda culinaria ma il pesce non cotto è stato sempre una prelibatezza in particolare nel Sud Italia ove ricci di mare, cozze e gamberi sono stati e sono ancora il prodotto del mare tipico da mangiare crudo.
Oggi però a causa dell’inquinamento, delle truffe in pescheria e spesso di una scarsa igiene mangiare pesce crudo crea dei dubbi e paure. Vediamo quale e quando mangiare il pesce crudo.
Il pesce crudo fa bene alla salute Mangiarlo non fa male, anzi ! Mangiando pesce crudo ingeriamo le proteine del pesce non alterate. Fa bene al cuore, al cervello, alle ossa e aiuta ad essere piu’ felici.
Il pesce prima di essere consumato deve essere obbligatoriamente abbattuto a temperature di -20° per almeno 24 ore negli abbattitori dei ristoranti o per 3 giorni nel freezer di casa per evitare che parassiti come l’anisakis possano proliferare nel nostro corpo. Congelando il pesce l’anisakis muore e quindi il pesce può essere mangiato. Diffidate per tanto da chi vi propone pesce fresco appena pescato da mangiare crudo. Rischiate una infezione da batteri o un’infezioneda anisakis .
MA l‘anisakis non è il solo parassita che puo’ provocare malattie mangiando pesce crudo . Infatti se il pesce è mal conservato ci sono altri virus e batteri portatori di malattie all’organismo come la Listeria, l’eschirichia coli, la salmonella e l’epatite A. In particolare un’infezione da virus si riconosce con febbre, dissenteria, nausea, vomito e dolori addominali
Mangiare molluschi e crostacei crudi Differente problema si pone invece per crostacei e molluschi. In particolare i molluschi bivalvi come cozze, ostriche e vongole tendono a trattenere all’interno della conchiglia microorganismi patogeni che possono essere neutralizzati solo con la cottura del mollusco. In questo caso si rischia infezioni da epatite virale, salmonella, tifo e colera.
Come scegliere il pesce da mangiare crudo Al ristorante, se avete fiducia nel ristoratore, potete mangiarlo senza problemi. Al mercato cercate di capire se il pesce è fresco ed è stato ben conservato prima di arrivare sul bancone. Chiedete la provenienza del prodotto, se si tratta di pesca locale proveniente da zona FAO 37 o il pesce viene dall’estero. Scegliete un prodotto italiano possibilmente a miglio 0 per mangiare il vostro pesce crudo. Come già detto una volta a casa congelatelo per almeno 3 giorni prima di consumarlo in sushi, tartare o carpacci.
Frutti di mare Per quanto riguarda i frutti di mare invece tenete presente che i prodotti di allevamento sono i piu’ controllati e quindi con meno rischi per la salute. In particolare le ostriche (Che spesso arrivano dalla Francia) sono controllate prima di essere immesse sul mercato ed esenti da virus e batteri. Controllate la data di confezionamento ma soprattutto i molluschi prima di essere consumati devono essere vivi . Se invece il pescivendolo non vi da fiducia evitate di acquistare il prodotto. Se invece siete pescatori e volete mangiare i ricci di mare pescati da voi, fatelo tranquillamente. I ricci tendono a vivere in ambienti poco inquinati ed i rischi da infezioni da echinodermi sono minimi.
La ciguatera Si tratta di una intossicazione alimentare dovuta all’ingestione di prodotti ittici contaminati dalla tossina cigutossina . In particolare sono i pesci provenienti dai mari tropicali ad essere contaminati da questa tossina. In Mediterraneo sono stati segnalati pochissimi casi di pesci contaminati.
Nell’uomo il consumo di prodotti contaminati provocano formicolii, pruriti, astenia, convulsioni o visione offuscata.
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