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Tunnidi e sgombridi del Mediterraneo : come riconoscere tonni, tombarelli, alletterati e palamite
Skip to content Home Biologia marina Tunnidi e sgombridi del Mediterraneo : come riconoscere tonni, tombarelli, alletterati e palamite Queste schede di identificazione sono prodotte con l’obiettivo di migliorare la conoscenza sui tunnidi da parte dei pescatori professionisti e sportivi.
Tombarello auxide Il tombarello Auxis rochei è una piccola specie di tonno . Vive in tutti gli oceani in zone tropicali e temperate. In Mediterraneo è presente anche se non molto comune. Viene spesso confuso con il tombarello comune Auxis Thazard thazard . Lo si può distinguere da quest’ultimo per la diversa forma delle ornamentazioni scure sul dorso (disegni reticolati e sottili nel thazard e larghi e verticali nel rochei) e per le pinne pettorali corte che non giungono all’altezza del disegno del dorso.
Tombarello comune Specie cosmopolita presente e comune in Mediterraneo. Come gli altri tunnidi è un pesce pelagico. Il tombarello comune supera raramente i 50cm di lunghezza ed i 2 Kg di peso. Il colore generale è blu scuro che sfuma nel grigio piombo sul ventre e sui fianchi. La pinna anale è bianca, le altre pinne grigie.
Palamita La palamita è uno sgombride, ha un corpo a forma affusolato, compresso lateralmente. La livrea è perlata. Il dorso, scuro e bluastro, è decorato da 5 a 11 bande dorsali longitudinali e oblique, più o meno marcate, che partono dalla sommità del dorso fino ai fianchi. Il ventre, più chiaro, è uniforme. Le due pinne dorsali sono separate . La testa, allungata, è armata di una potente mascella, ampiamente divisa. Gli occhi sono relativamente piccoli. La pinna caudale, biforcuta, è omocerca.
Alletterato L’allettareto è una specie inclusa tra i tunnidi minori. La taglia massima segnalata in Mediterraneo è di circa 1m per 12 Kg di peso, in media pesa 7Kg per 85cm.
Colorazione: • Dorso blu scuro con strisce che formano un motivo non più lungo della metà della prima pinna dorsale. Ventre e fianchi bianco argenteo. • Diverse caratteristiche macchie scure tra le pinne pelviche e pettorali (non sempre evidenti).
Alalunga Pesce tozzo a forma di barilotto, l’alalunga è molto diffuso in mar Mediterraneo e nelle acque temperate di tutti gli oceani. Pesce molto comune in basso Mediterraneo che vive in gruppi di numerosi esemplari. L’alalunga vive lontano dalla costa dove caccia in gruppo alici, sardine, pesci volanti ed alacce.
Corpo allungato, fusiforme, moderatamente compresso; denti sottili, conici; 2 pinne dorsali, appena separate; pinna pettorale molto lunga (raggiunge ben oltre la 2a base dorsale). Pinna caudale profondamente biforcuta; linea laterale completa.
Tonno rosso Il corpo del tonno rosso è robusto. La testa è conica e la bocca piuttosto grande. Il colore è blu scuro sul dorso e grigio chiaro sotto il ventre, con un “orlo” dorato che copre il corpo e pinne caudali . Il tonno rosso si distingue dagli altri membri della famiglia per la lunghezza relativamente corta delle pinne pettorali .
Gli esemplari adulti completamente maturi raggiungono una lunghezza media di 2–2,5 m e pesano circa 225–250 kg. Il più grande esemplare mai pescato e prelevato secondo le regole dell’International Game Fish Association è stato catturato al largo della Nuova Scozia, e pesava 679 kg ed era lungo 3,7 m.
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