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La spugna dello spondilo - Crambe crambe
Skip to content Nascosta tra le profondità marine, la spugna Crambe Crambe, nota anche come “spugna dello spondilo,” si rivela come un tesoro subacqueo dai colori accesi e dalla biologia affascinante. Questa spugna fotofila prospera a profondità comprese tra 1 e 60 metri, prediligendo substrati duri in ambienti leggermente illuminati, come i rizomi delle posidonie e le conchiglie di molluschi.
Le colonie di Crambe Crambe formano sottili placche lisce che rivestono il substrato, con una colorazione che varia dal rosso all’arancione. Questa spugna, dalle dimensioni che possono raggiungere fino a 1 m², presenta una superficie grossolana perforata da grossi osculi, attraverso i quali passano i principali canali esalanti visibili come vene.
A prima vista, Crambe Crambe può essere confusa con Spirastrella cunctatrix ; tuttavia, solo l’osservazione delle spicole al microscopio permette di distinguerle con certezza. La sua alimentazione avviene per filtrazione di microorganismi, batteri e alghe unicellulari, contribuendo così al delicato equilibrio dell’ambiente marino.
Crambe Crambe è un organismo ermafrodita, con larve planctoniche che si fissano a distanza regolare dagli esemplari adulti. La sua vita associata comprende spesso la coabitazione con molluschi viventi, come l’arca di noe ed appunto lo spondilo (un mollusco bivalve). La spugna fornisce un habitat ideale anche per altre specie marine, come l’Eupolymnia nebulosa e giovani ofiure.
Questa specie, sebbene comune, può risultare tossica per alcuni animali che la ingeriscono. L’origine del suo nome, sia scientifico che comune, rispecchia la sua caratteristica colorazione arancione-rossa. Il nome “Crambe” deriva dal latino o dal greco, indicando un cavolo, ma anche dal suo profumo distintivo che ricorda il cavolo quando viene manipolata.
La sua presenza, seppur discreta, contribuisce alla ricchezza della biodiversità in queste acque misteriose, rendendo ogni immersione un’esperienza indimenticabile nel cuore del mondo sottomarino.
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