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Granciporro – Cancer pagurus - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Il Granciporro , scientificamente noto come Cancer pagurus , è un grande crostaceo decapode appartenente alla famiglia Cancridae. Questa specie è anche comunemente conosciuta come granchio comune o granchio bruno e si trova principalmente lungo le coste dell’Atlantico nord-orientale, dal Nord Africa fino alla Norvegia, inclusi il Mare del Nord e il Mar Mediterraneo.
Caratteristiche Morfologiche Il Granciporro si distingue per la sua robusta corazza o carapace, di forma ovale e di colore bruno-rossastro, che può raggiungere una larghezza di circa 25 cm e un peso che può superare i 3 kg negli esemplari più grandi. Il carapace è liscio e presenta bordi dentellati. Le chele sono particolarmente sviluppate e potenti, utilizzate sia per la difesa che per la predazione. La parte inferiore delle chele è più chiara, di colore bianco o giallastro.
Habitat e Distribuzione Il Granciporro vive principalmente su fondali rocciosi, sabbiosi o ghiaiosi, a profondità variabili che possono andare dai pochi metri fino a oltre 100 metri. Predilige le acque fredde e temperate e spesso si nasconde in fessure o sotto rocce durante il giorno, diventando più attivo di notte.
Alimentazione Questa specie è onnivora e ha una dieta molto varia. Si nutre di molluschi, altri crostacei, echinodermi, vermi e pesci morti. Grazie alle sue potenti chele, è in grado di rompere le conchiglie dure di molte prede, come i molluschi bivalvi.
Riproduzione La riproduzione del Granciporro avviene solitamente in estate. Dopo l’accoppiamento, la femmina porta le uova fecondate sotto l’addome per diversi mesi fino alla schiusa. Durante questo periodo, la femmina è particolarmente vulnerabile e tende a nascondersi. Le larve, dopo la schiusa, passano attraverso diversi stadi larvali planctonici prima di metamorfosare in giovani granchi e stabilirsi sul fondale.
Importanza Economica Il Granciporro è di grande importanza commerciale, particolarmente apprezzato per la sua carne saporita e abbondante. Viene pescato principalmente con nasse e trappole, ma anche con reti da posta. La pesca del Granciporro rappresenta una fonte significativa di reddito per molte comunità costiere europee.
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