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Grande paguro – Dardanus arrosor - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Il Grande paguro , scientificamente noto come Dardanus arrosor , è un crostaceo decapode appartenente alla famiglia Diogenidae. Questo paguro è diffuso nelle acque del Mar Mediterraneo e dell’Atlantico orientale, dal Portogallo fino alle coste africane.
Caratteristiche Morfologiche Dardanus arrosor è uno dei più grandi paguri presenti nel Mediterraneo, con un corpo che può raggiungere una lunghezza di circa 10-15 cm. Il corpo è asimmetrico, con l’addome molle e protetto da una conchiglia vuota di un gasteropode, che il paguro utilizza come rifugio mobile. La colorazione del corpo varia dal rosso-arancione al bruno, spesso con striature o macchie bianche. Le chele sono di dimensioni diverse, con la chela sinistra solitamente più grande e robusta della destra.
Habitat e Distribuzione Il Grande paguro si trova in acque costiere poco profonde fino a profondità di circa 100 metri. Predilige fondali rocciosi, sabbiosi o fangosi, dove può trovare conchiglie adeguate per proteggersi e cibo in abbondanza. È particolarmente comune nelle praterie di posidonia e nelle aree coralline.
Alimentazione Dardanus arrosor è onnivoro e si nutre di una varietà di organismi bentonici. La sua dieta include molluschi, piccoli crostacei, vermi, echinodermi e detriti organici. Utilizza le sue chele per afferrare e manipolare il cibo, essendo un predatore opportunista e un efficace spazzino dei fondali marini.
Riproduzione La riproduzione del Grande paguro avviene generalmente in primavera e in estate. Dopo l’accoppiamento, la femmina porta le uova fecondate sotto l’addome fino alla schiusa, un periodo che può durare diverse settimane. Le larve passano attraverso vari stadi planctonici prima di metamorfosare in giovani paguri e stabilirsi sul fondale, dove cercano subito una conchiglia adeguata per proteggere il loro addome molle.
Importanza Ecologica Il Grande paguro svolge un ruolo significativo negli ecosistemi marini come predatore, spazzino e ingegnere dell’ecosistema. Aiuta a controllare le popolazioni di piccoli invertebrati bentonici e contribuisce alla pulizia dei fondali marini consumando detriti organici. Inoltre, le conchiglie che utilizza e abbandona successivamente forniscono habitat per una varietà di altri organismi marini.
Minacce e Conservazione Le principali minacce per il Grande paguro includono la perdita di habitat, l’inquinamento marino e la raccolta eccessiva di conchiglie, che riduce la disponibilità di rifugi adeguati. Anche se non è una specie altamente sfruttata commercialmente, è importante monitorare e proteggere i suoi habitat naturali. La gestione delle attività umane, come la pesca e il turismo subacqueo, è cruciale per garantire la sopravvivenza delle popolazioni di Dardanus arrosor .
Osservazioni Il Grande paguro è una specie affascinante per i subacquei e i biologi marini, grazie alle sue dimensioni impressionanti e al comportamento interessante. È noto per la sua capacità di selezionare accuratamente le conchiglie e per il suo comportamento territoriale nei confronti di altri paguri.
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