');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8, ');content:'';margin:0 .4rem;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1}.breadcrumb-trail .trail-items li:last-child:after{display:none}.bloghash-breadcrumbs{font-size:1.4rem;border-width:0}#bloghash-copyright .bloghash-flex-row>div:empty{display:none}#bloghash-copyright>.bloghash-container>.bloghash-flex-row>div{width:auto;padding-top:.6rem;padding-bottom:.6rem}.bloghash-copyright-layout-1 #bloghash-copyright>.bloghash-container>.bloghash-flex-row>div{-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center}#bloghash-scroll-top{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:fixed;bottom:2.5rem;right:2rem;z-index:997;width:4rem;height:4rem;opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,3rem,0);transform:translate3d(0,3rem,0)}#bloghash-scroll-top .bloghash-scroll-icon{overflow:hidden;z-index:2}#bloghash-scroll-top .bloghash-icon{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;height:2rem;color:var(--bloghash-white);-webkit-transform:translateY(1.1rem);-ms-transform:translateY(1.1rem);transform:translateY(1.1rem)}#bloghash-scroll-top:before{content:'';z-index:1;border-radius:10rem;background-color:var(--bloghash-primary);-webkit-transform:scale(1);-ms-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);border:.1rem solid rgba(185,185,185,.4)}#bloghash-scroll-top svg{fill:var(--bloghash-white)}.bloghash-entry>:first-child{margin-top:0}.bloghash-entry p{margin-bottom:1.5rem;margin-top:1.5rem}.author-avatar img{border-radius:var(--bloghash-full-radius);width:3rem;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:.8rem;display:inline-block;outline:1px solid rgba(185,185,185,.4)}#main .content-area .entry-meta a{color:inherit}.entry-meta{font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:600;margin-top:1.2rem}.entry-meta .bloghash-icon{height:1.827rem;margin-right:.7rem;vertical-align:text-bottom}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span{padding:0 1rem;line-height:1.2}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span.posted-on{line-height:1.5}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span,.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span .posted-by{-js-display:inline-flex;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span:first-child{padding-left:0}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span:last-child{margin-right:0;padding-right:0}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span:before{content:'';position:relative;left:-1.1rem;width:4px;height:4px;border-radius:100%;background-color:var(--bloghash-primary)}.entry-meta .entry-meta-elements>span:first-child:before{display:none}.entry-media{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.entry-media img{margin:0 auto;display:block}.single-post .entry-content{margin-top:4rem}.single-post .entry-media{margin-bottom:4rem}.single .post-category{margin-bottom:.3rem;font-size:1.4rem}.single .post-category a{-js-display:inline-flex;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;margin:0 .4rem .8rem}.single .entry-header{text-align:start;margin-bottom:1rem}.single .entry-meta{text-align:start;margin-top:1.6rem}.single .entry-content{margin-bottom:5rem}.single .post-nav img{border-radius:var(--bloghash-normal-radius)}.single .post-nav .nav-previous .nav-content img{margin-right:2rem}.single .post-nav .nav-next .nav-content img{margin-left:2rem}.single.bloghash-page-title-align-left .bloghash-article>.entry-header,.single.bloghash-page-title-align-left .bloghash-article>.post-category{text-align:start}.single.bloghash-page-title-align-left .bloghash-article>.entry-meta>.entry-meta-elements{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.author-box .author-box-avatar{min-width:0;min-height:0}.author-box .author-box-avatar{-ms-flex-item-align:start;align-self:flex-start;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;margin-right:2.5rem}.author-box .author-box-avatar img{display:block;border-radius:50%}#cancel-comment-reply-link{font-size:1.3rem;border-radius:var(--bloghash-normal-radius);border:.2rem solid currentColor;font-weight:500;padding:.4rem .7rem;line-height:1;text-decoration:none;text-transform:capitalize;margin-left:1.4rem;color:inherit}.comment-form>p{-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8em}.comment-form textarea{height:19.2rem}button.bloghash-animate-arrow{-webkit-appearance:none;border:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;background:0 0;outline:none}.bloghash-animate-arrow .arrow-bar{-webkit-transform:scaleX(0);-ms-transform:scaleX(0);transform:scaleX(0)}.bloghash-animate-arrow svg{vertical-align:middle}.bloghash-animate-arrow.right-arrow svg{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg)}.bloghash-animate-arrow.right-arrow .arrow-bar{-webkit-transform-origin:100% 0;-ms-transform-origin:100% 0;transform-origin:100% 0}.bloghash-animate-arrow.right-arrow .arrow-handle{-webkit-transform:translateX(.6rem);-ms-transform:translateX(.6rem);transform:translateX(.6rem)}.bloghash-hamburger{padding:0;display:inline-block;font:inherit;color:inherit;text-transform:none;background-color:transparent;border:0;margin:0;overflow:visible}.hamburger-box{width:2.5rem;height:1.4rem;display:inline-block;position:relative}.hamburger-inner{display:block;top:50%;margin-top:-.1rem}.hamburger-inner,.hamburger-inner:before,.hamburger-inner:after{width:2.8rem;height:2px;background-color:#111827;border-radius:var(--bloghash-normal-radius);position:absolute}.hamburger-inner:before,.hamburger-inner:after{content:"";display:block}.hamburger-inner:before{top:-5px}.hamburger-inner:after{bottom:-5px}.bloghash-is-mobile #bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav>ul>li>a{color:inherit!important}.bloghash-mobile-nav{order:1;display:none;margin-left:2.4rem}.bloghash-hamburger,.bloghash-mobile-nav{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}body:not(.is-mobile-menu-active) .bloghash-hamburger .hamburger-box .hamburger-inner:before{width:1.5rem}.bloghash-hamburger{-js-display:inline-flex;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;border-radius:var(--bloghash-normal-radius)}.bloghash-hamburger .hamburger-inner,.bloghash-hamburger .hamburger-inner:before,.bloghash-hamburger .hamburger-inner:after{background-color:currentColor}#bloghash-header:after{content:'';position:fixed;top:100%;left:0;right:0;height:100vh;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,.85);z-index:991;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;will-change:opacity,visibility;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0);transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}@media only screen and (min-width:782px){.site .bloghash-flex-row .col-md{-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-negative:1;flex-shrink:1;max-width:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:0;flex-basis:0}.site .bloghash-flex-row .col-md.flex-basis-auto{-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto}.site .bloghash-flex-row .end-md{-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;text-align:end;margin-left:auto}}@media only screen and (max-width:868px){.bloghash-hide-mobile-tablet{display:none!important}.bloghash-container{padding:0 3rem}.bloghash-header-widgets .bloghash-header-widget,.bloghash-header-widgets .bloghash-header-widget.bloghash-header-widget__button{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.bloghash-header-widgets .bloghash-header-widget:not(.bloghash-header-widget__button,.bloghash-header-widget__socials) .bloghash-icon{font-size:2.4rem}.bloghash-mobile-nav{margin-left:1.6rem}}@media only screen and (max-width:599px){#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-widget-wrapper,.bloghash-header-element,.bloghash-header-widgets .bloghash-header-widget{position:static}.bloghash-header-widgets .dropdown-item:after{display:none}.author-avatar img{display:none}.author-box .author-box-avatar{display:none}}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){#page{min-height:-webkit-fill-available}}@media only screen and (max-width:960px){#main>.bloghash-container{display:block}#primary{max-width:100%!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important;margin-top:4rem}.single .post-nav img{display:none}}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast:none),(-ms-high-contrast:active){.bloghash-btn{height:1rem}#main>.bloghash-container #primary{-ms-flex-preferred-size:0%;flex-basis:0%}}.bloghash-btn{background-color:var(--bloghash-primary)}.content-area a:not(.bloghash-btn,.wp-block-button__link,.page-numbers,[class^=cat-],[rel=tag]),.bloghash-social-nav>ul>li>a .bloghash-icon.bottom-icon{color:var(--bloghash-primary)}#masthead .bloghash-header-widgets .dropdown-item:after,.bloghash-nav>ul .sub-menu:after{border-bottom-color:var(--bloghash-primary);outline:none!important}.bloghash-header-widgets .dropdown-item,.bloghash-nav .sub-menu{border-top-color:var(--bloghash-primary)}::-webkit-selection{background-color:var(--bloghash-primary);color:var(--bloghash-white)}::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:rgba(0,0,0,.2)}::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.4)}.mr-1{margin-right:.4rem}a.bloghash-btn i{font-size:105%;vertical-align:baseline}a.bloghash-btn i:before{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}a.bloghash-btn span{vertical-align:baseline;line-height:normal}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*{animation-duration:0s!important}}.bloghash-cursor{visibility:hidden;position:fixed;z-index:10000;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;top:0;left:0}.bloghash-cursor .bloghash-cursor-wrapper{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.bloghash-cursor .bloghash-cursor--follower{position:absolute;background-color:var(--bloghash-primary);opacity:.35;border-radius:100%;width:2.4rem;height:2.4rem}.bloghash-cursor .bloghash-cursor--label{position:absolute;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;color:var(--bloghash-white);letter-spacing:.08em;transform:scale(0);will-change:transform,opacity}.bloghash-cursor .bloghash-cursor--icon{position:absolute;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;color:var(--bloghash-white);transform:scale(0);will-change:transform,opacity;color:rgba(255,255,255,.76)}.bloghash-cursor .bloghash-cursor--icon:before{content:"\f061";font-family:var(--bloghash-font-awesome);font-size:2.4rem}.bloghash-glassmorphism{position:fixed;right:0;left:0;bottom:0;display:flex;overflow:hidden;z-index:-1}.bloghash-glassmorphism .block{width:28.8rem;height:28.8rem;filter:blur(64px);mix-blend-mode:multiply;border-radius:999px;display:block;opacity:.1}.bloghash-glassmorphism .block.one{margin-top:5rem;background-color:rgba(239,35,60)}.bloghash-glassmorphism .block.two{margin-top:16rem;margin-left:-8rem;background-color:rgba(4,134,139)}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.bloghash-glassmorphism{top:4rem}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.bloghash-glassmorphism .block{width:38.4rem;height:38.4rem}}@media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.bloghash-glassmorphism{top:8rem}}.post-category .cat-links a.cat-31{--bloghash-primary:#1e73ff;--bloghash-primary_80:#d2e3ff}:root{--bloghash-primary:#1075bc;--bloghash-primary_80:#d0e4f2;--bloghash-primary_15:#348ac7;--bloghash-primary_27:rgba(16,117,188,.27);--bloghash-primary_10:rgba(16,117,188,.1)}#bloghash-header-inner{background:#fff}.bloghash-logo .site-description{color:#66717f}#bloghash-header,.bloghash-header-widgets a:not(.bloghash-btn),.bloghash-logo a,.bloghash-hamburger{color:#131315}.bloghash-header-widget:after{background-color:#ccc}@media screen and (max-width:960px){#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav{display:none;color:#000}.bloghash-mobile-toggen,.bloghash-mobile-nav{display:inline-flex}#bloghash-header-inner{position:relative}#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav>ul>li>a{color:inherit}#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav-container{position:static;border:none}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation{display:none;position:absolute;top:100%;width:100%;height:100%;min-height:100vh;left:0;right:0;margin:-1px 0 0;background:#fff;border-top:1px solid #eaeaea;box-shadow:0 15px 25px -10px rgba(50,52,54,.125);z-index:999;font-size:1.7rem;padding:0}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul{overflow-y:auto;max-height:68vh;display:block}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul>li>a{padding:0!important}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul li{display:block;width:100%;padding:0;margin:0;margin-left:0!important}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul .sub-menu{position:static;display:none;border:none;box-shadow:none;border:0;opacity:1;visibility:visible;font-size:1.7rem;transform:none;background:#f8f8f8;min-width:initial;left:0;padding:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;line-height:inherit}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul .sub-menu>li>a>span{padding-left:50px!important}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul .sub-menu .sub-menu>li>a>span{padding-left:70px!important}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul .sub-menu a>span{padding:10px 30px 10px 50px}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul a{padding:0;position:relative;background:0 0}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul li{border-bottom:1px solid #eaeaea}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul>li:last-child{border-bottom:0}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul a>span{padding:10px 30px!important;width:100%;display:block}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul a>span:after,#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul a>span:before{display:none!important}#bloghash-header-inner .site-navigation>ul .menu-item-has-children>a{display:inline-flex;width:100%;max-width:calc(100% - 50px)}#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav .menu-item-has-children>a>span{border-right:1px solid rgba(185,185,185,.4)}#bloghash-header-inner .bloghash-nav .menu-item-has-children>a>.bloghash-icon{transform:none;width:50px;margin:0;position:absolute;right:0;height:1em;display:none}.bloghash-mobile-toggen{width:50px;height:1em;background:0 0;border:none}.bloghash-mobile-toggen .bloghash-icon{transform:none;width:50px;margin:0;position:absolute;right:0;height:1em}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-logo-container>.bloghash-container{flex-wrap:wrap}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-logo-container .bloghash-logo>.logo-inner{align-items:flex-start}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-logo-container .bloghash-logo{order:0;align-items:flex-start;flex-basis:auto;margin-left:0}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-logo-container .bloghash-header-element{flex-basis:auto}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-logo-container .bloghash-mobile-nav{order:5}}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-nav-container{background:#f1f6ff}.bloghash-header-layout-3 .bloghash-nav-container{border-color:rgba(185,185,185,.4);border-style:solid}.bloghash-nav.bloghash-header-element{font-weight:600;font-family:"Inter Tight",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1.7rem;line-height:1.5}body:not(.bloghash-no-sidebar) #primary{max-width:70%}body{color:#002050}h1,a,.entry-meta,.bloghash-logo .site-title{color:#041139}:root{--bloghash-secondary:#041139}.bloghash-container{max-width:1480px}.bloghash-logo img{max-height:640px}@media only screen and (max-width:768px){.bloghash-logo .logo-inner{margin-top:25px;margin-right:1px;margin-bottom:25px}}.bloghash-breadcrumbs{padding-top:15px;padding-bottom:15px}.bloghash-breadcrumbs{background:#f1f6ff}.bloghash-breadcrumbs{border-color:rgba(185,185,185,.4);border-style:solid;border-top-width:2px;border-bottom-width:1px}html{font-size:62.5%}@media only screen and (max-width:768px){html{font-size:53%}}@media only screen and (max-width:480px){html{font-size:50%}}*{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}body{font-weight:400;font-family:Poppins,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1.7rem;line-height:1.75}h1,.bloghash-logo .site-title{font-weight:700;font-style:normal;text-transform:none;text-decoration:none;font-family:"Be Vietnam Pro",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}h1,.bloghash-logo .site-title{font-weight:700;font-size:4rem;line-height:1.4}#bloghash-header .bloghash-logo .site-title{font-size:3rem}.single-post .entry-content{font-size:1.6rem}.bloghash-btn{color:#fff;border-color:;border-width:.1rem;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.bloghash-btn{font-weight:500;font-family:"Be Vietnam Pro",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1.8rem}
Anemone di mare – Anemonia sulcata - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Anemonia sulcata , sinonimo di A. viridis secondo alcuni autori, è una specie di cnidari appartenente alla famiglia degli Actiniidae , comuni anemoni di mare . La sua peculiarità risiede nella variazione del colore, influenzato dalle alghe simbiotiche intracellulari del genere Symbiodinium sp ., che trovano rifugio all’interno dell’animale. Queste alghe apportano carbonio inorganico all’anemone e forniscono ossigeno durante le ore di luce. Inoltre, l’anemone ospita una stabile comunità di batteri simbiotici che agevolano la digestione delle sue prede.
Le persone sensibili o le zone del corpo con pelle sottile possono essere soggette a bruciature in seguito al contatto con questa specie, con il rischio di infezioni.
Morfologia
Questa creatura può raggiungere dimensioni notevoli, fino a 20 cm. I suoi 150-200 tentacoli non retrattili, lunghi fino a 15 cm e urticanti, presentano colorazioni variabili in base alle alghe simbiotiche, spaziando dal verde-rosa al grigio e talvolta sfumati di viola alle estremità.
Habitat
Amante della luce, Anemonia sulcata trova la sua dimora nei siti piatti dell’infralitorale, compresi quelli della Mediterraneo e dell’Atlantico fino alla Scozia. La specie può formare colonie e tollera anche acque inquinate.
Alimentazione
I suoi tentacoli urticanti sono gli strumenti principali per catturare, paralizzare e trasportare le prede alla bocca. Tra gli elementi rinvenuti nelle analisi di contenuto stomacale, figurano piccoli pesci, molluschi e crostacei. La peculiarità sta nel fatto che Anemonia sulcata , consumando prede che bioaccumulano determinati inquinanti, può a sua volta incorporarli.
In un ambiente naturalmente acido e ricco di oligoelementi, individui di A. sulcata sembrano in grado di gestire le concentrazioni di oligoelementi interni. Questa caratteristica spiega la loro resilienza e il potenziale successo in ambienti arricchiti di oligoelementi e tracce di elementi tossici come arsenico, cadmio e zinco.
Mutualismo e Simbiosi
Anemonia sulcata stabilisce legami più o meno stretti con diversi animali immuni al suo veleno, come Mysidacés (Leptomysis mediterranea ), il granchio Inachus phalangium e Gobius bucchichi . La simbiosi con le zooxantelle contribuisce alla diversità genetica di quest’anemone.
Utilizzo in Farmacochimica e Farmacologia
In un contesto in cui molti agenti antimicrobici perdono efficacia a causa dell’antibioticoresistenza, uno studio condotto nel 2014 ha evidenziato che una delle neurotossine prodotte da questa anemone presenta attività antimicrobica. Allo stesso tempo, un’altra ricerca proponeva nel 2014 di potenziare le proprietà di un bioinsetticida (BT derivato da Bacillus thuringiensis ) associandogli una tossina codificata da un gene di Anemonia sulcata . Queste scoperte aprono interessanti prospettive nel campo della farmacochimica e della farmacologia, dimostrando l’importanza di esplorare il potenziale biomedicinale di creature marine come Anemonia sulcata .
Scroll to Top