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IL POLMONE NASCOSTO DEL CELACANTO - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content Nuove tecniche d’immagine hanno portato alla scoperta di un polmone nascosto che il pesce utilizza per galleggiare. Un po come il fegato degli squali o la vescica natatoria di alcuni pesci. Il celacanto, un pesce considerato estinto ma che invece è stato avvistato e filmato dal biologo marino di Montpellier Laurent Ballesta conserva altre sorprese. Non ultima quella pubblicata sulla rivista NATURE da Paul oM. Brit dell’Università di Rio.
Ricostruzioni tridimensionali del sistema polmonare di L. chalumnae nei diversi stadi di crescita. I brasiliani hanno ricostruito in 3D l’intera fase di sviluppo degli organi, dall’embrione fino all’età adulta. Questo è stato possibile grazie al ritrovamento di femmine con embrioni. Questo pesce infatti si riproduce incubando le uova nel corpo della madre (ovoviviparità), che può dare alla luce fino a 26 piccoli vivi.
Alla nascita sono grandi circa 35 centimetri, da adulti possono raggiungere 2 metri di lunghezza. Hanno pinne carnose e vivono nelle profondità oceaniche. Si credeva che si fossero estinti, fino a quando una specie vivente, la Latimeria chalumnae, è stata scoperta al largo del Sudafrica nel 1938, guadagnandosi lo status di “fossile vivente”, sopravvissuto alle grandi estinzioni di massa.
In evidenza il sistema polmonare in L. chalumnae. Ma se sono stati osservati “polmoni calcificati” nei fossili dei celacanti esistiti 410 milioni di anni fa, nessuna struttura analoga era stata finora scoperta nei celacanti attuali. Mentre si pensa che queste strutture non siano più usate nelle specie viventi, che respirano con le branchie, non si esclude che possano essere state utilizzate dagli antenati di questi pesci per regolare il volume d’aria nelle acque poco profonde.
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