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Meduse mortali : Le meduse più pericolose per l’uomo - Il giornale del mare
Skip to content La caravella portoghese non è una medusa ma è un sifonoforo* (colonia di zoidi altamente specializzati) formato da diverse colonie cellulari, organizzate per garantire le diverse funzioni (digestione, galleggiamento, difesa) che coesistono insieme nel “super-organismo”.
Tra le 1.000 specie di meduse recensite, solo qualcuna è mortale per l’uomo: scopriamo insieme quali sono e in quali zone si trovano.
Gli incidenti con le meduse sono rari, ma possono essere mortali: nel mese di agosto 2014, un bambino di cinque anni è morto in Thailandia a causa di una puntura di Chironex fleckeri (più nota come vespa di mare o medusa scatola), una delle creature più velenose del pianeta.
Alcune meduse sono mortali , altre invece innocue come molte di quelle presenti in Mediterraneo. In ogni caso le meduse sono pericolose per l’uomo dato che un contatto con quelle piu’ urticanti puo’ provocare gravi ustioni sino allo shock anafilattico.
Cyanea capillata Presente nel Pacifico, il Baltico ed il Mare del Nord, la medusa Cyanea capillata ha centinaia di tentacoli che possono raggiungere i 25 metri di lunghezza per ed il metro di diametro. Il suo veleno è potentissimoo e può causare ustioni, irritazioni, crampi muscolari. difficoltà respiratorie e addirittura la morte. Keesingia gigas Scoperta qualche tempo fa sulla costa australiana, Keesingia gigas è una specie di medusa gigante (può raggiungere un metro di diametro). Il suo veleno potenzialmente mortale provoca dolore, nausea, vomito e, in casi estremi, ictus e insufficienza cardiaca. Crambione cookii Questa medusa, lunga più di 60 centimetri, è letale per l’uomo. Questa specie è stata riscoperta nel 2013 al largo della costa del Queensland, in Australia, non si osservava da almeno 100 anni! Physalia physalis Contrariamente alle apparenze, la caravella portoghese , non è una medusa, ma un sifonoforo. Questo strano animale, che galleggia sulla superficie dell’acqua, può raggiungere la lunghezza di 50 metri! Physalia è presente in Atlantico, Pacifico e Indiano. Il contatto con i suoi tentacoli può causare perdita di conoscenza, difficoltà respiratorie, dolore addominale o toracico, vomito, tachicardia, ipertensione o crampi, e occasionalmente la morte. Chironex fleckeri : la medusa mortaleParticolarmente presenti lungo la costa australiana, la medusa Chironex fleckeri * è la specie sicuramente più pericolosa per l’uomo: i suoi tentacoli possono uccidere in pochi minuti, causando l’arresto cardiaco. I suoi tentacoli sottili possono raggiungere i tre metri di lunghezza. è la medusa mortale per eccellenza. *Tra le meduse australiane esistono diverse specie di cubo medusa come la chironex, una delle meduse piu’ letali al mondo. Pensate che la chironex fleckeri è la medusa piu’ velenosa al mondo. Il contatto con la chironex puo’ provocare una morte rapida e dolorosa, il veleno fa effetto da subito con sensazioni di calore, spasmi sino alla paralisi. La morte sopraggiunge in 2/3 minuti. Se la vittima riesce ad essere ospedalizzata in breve tempo puo’ anche essere salvata grazie ad un antidoto. Sembra comunque che la percentuale di morti sia superiore alle vittime che rimangono in vita.
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Grazie per avermi detto tutto sulle meduse pericolose….non avevo mai trovato una cosa così importante…ciao e grazie
Ciao e grazie per il commento…..
Molto interessante! Certo molto pericolose! Per fortuna sono tutte concentrate in mari piuttosto lontani da noi