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La cepola - Cepola macrophthalma
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La Cepola (Cepola macrophthalma ) è una creatura affascinante che popola le profondità dell’Atlantico orientale, dalla pittoresca regione delle Isole Britanniche fino alle calde acque del Senegal. La sua presenza è altrettanto notevole nel Mar Mediterraneo, dove è una specie comune. Nei mari italiani, in particolare, è possibile trovarla facilmente. Tuttavia, nel freddo Mar del Nord, la Cepola è una presenza rara.
Distribuzione e Habitat:
La Cepola preferisce chiamare casa i fondali fangosi, in cui si muove agilmente tra i 15 e i 400 metri di profondità. Questo pesce è spesso avvistato tra i 40 e i 100 metri sotto la superficie marina. La sua distribuzione geografica varia dal Mar Mediterraneo all’Atlantico orientale, garantendo una presenza notevole in diverse zone marine.
Aspetto e Caratteristiche:
La Cepola si presenta con un corpo straordinariamente allungato, che si assottiglia verso la coda, conferendole una forma simile a un nastro. La testa, relativamente piccola rispetto al corpo, ospita grandi occhi e una bocca ampia, obliqua e rivolta verso l’alto, arricchita da lunghi denti ricurvi. Le pinne pettorali e ventrali sono di dimensioni moderate, mentre la pinna dorsale e quella anale sono lunghe, estendendosi fino al peduncolo caudale. Una caratteristica distintiva è la macchia rossa nella parte anteriore della pinna dorsale, che si contrappone alla colorazione uniforme rosa salmone carica del corpo.
Dimensioni e Longevità:
Mentre la Cepola può raggiungere una lunghezza massima di 80 cm, la sua dimensione più comune si aggira intorno ai 40 cm. Questo pesce presenta una longevità stimata dai 4 ai 10 anni.
Biologia e Comportamento:
La Cepola dimora infossata nel fango, creando una tana verticale dalla quale esce periodicamente per cacciare. Questo pesce può manifestare un comportamento gregario o preferire la solitudine, adattandosi alle condizioni ambientali circostanti.
Riproduzione e Ciclo di Vita:
La Cepola intraprende il suo viaggio riproduttivo in primavera, durante la quale le uova e le larve diventano pelagiche. I giovani esemplari, dal caratteristico colore giallo, presentano alcune spine sulla testa e mantengono un corpo meno allungato rispetto agli adulti.
Alimentazione:
La dieta della Cepola è principalmente composta da crostacei, ma non si ferma qui. Questo pesce eclettico include anche chetognati nella sua lista di prelibatezze, dimostrando una dieta diversificata e adattabile.
La Cepola emerge come una figura affascinante tra le creature marine, contribuendo al mosaico diversificato degli abitanti del fondale marino. La sua distribuzione estesa e le sue caratteristiche uniche la rendono una specie degna di attenzione per gli amanti della vita marina. Esplorare il mondo sottomarino significa immergersi nelle storie affascinanti di creature come la Cepola, che continuano a incantare e stupire gli appassionati di oceanografia e biologia marina .
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