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Acquacoltura spaziale: presto pesce fresco sulla Luna per sfamare gli astronauti?
Skip to content Home Biologia marina Acquacoltura spaziale: presto pesce fresco sulla Luna per sfamare gli astronauti? Il programma Lunar Hatch gestito da Ifremer mira a fecondare le uova di pesce e farle schiudere sulla Luna . L’obiettivo finale di questo progetto è fornire pesce fresco agli astronauti che risiederanno sulla futura base lunare dell’Agenzia spaziale europea.
Dopo i pomodori e le insalate coltivati nello spazio, i ricercatori esplorano la possibilità di praticare l’acquacoltura sulla Luna. Nuovi risultati piuttosto incoraggianti sono stati pubblicati lunedì 9 ottobre.
Se un giorno gli astronauti si stabilissero sulla Luna , oltre alle verdure che coltiveranno, l’ideale sarebbe che possano mangiare anche proteine di origine animale . Allora perché non allevare i pesci sul posto?
Crescerebbero in un acquario, alimentato dall’acqua già presente sulla luna. Acqua che verrebbe riciclata in un circuito chiuso. L’Ifremer, l’istituto francese di ricerca per lo sfruttamento del mare, ha lanciato qualche anno fa un vasto programma di ricerca , con l’Agenzia spaziale europea. Il programma si chiama Lunar Hatch. I primi risultati appena pubblicati mostrano che le uova di pesce sono effettivamente in grado di resistere al viaggio sulla Luna e di schiudersi poi normalmente, cosa non facile.
Quale resistenza alle radiazioni cosmiche Successivamente c’erano dubbi sulla capacità di resistere alle condizioni di decollo e assenza di gravità . Ma il lavoro dell’Ifremer lo ha appena dimostrato: quando centinaia di uova di spigola, che è un pesce modello per l’acquacoltura, vengono sottoposte in laboratorio a vibrazioni equivalenti al lancio del razzo Soyuz, si sviluppano e si schiudono normalmente. Stessa cosa quando li sottoponiamo all’accelerazione del razzo al decollo e/o all’assenza di gravità.
Resta da verificare la loro resistenza alle radiazioni cosmiche. L’esperimento è in corso con la collaborazione dell’IRSN , l’istituto nazionale per la radioprotezione e la sicurezza nucleare, ma fino a questo momento il progetto di piscicoltura nello spazio non sembra così lunare.
Se i risultati rimarranno conclusivi, il prossimo passo sarà quello di inviare nello spazio, in orbita bassa, nei prossimi anni diverse capsule piene di uova di pesce per studiarne il comportamento. In definitiva, indica Ifremer, l’idea è quella di dimensionare un allevamento per fornire pesce fresco sulla Luna due volte a settimana a sette astronauti. La fornitura di uova di pesce avverrebbe circa ogni sei mesi circa.
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